Responsible Predator Management
There are two tiers of predators: nest predators and adult bird
predators.
Nest Predators
Snakes - Small Mesomammals:
Opossum, Raccoons, Skunks - Fireants - Foxes - Egrets - Armadillos
 Most
research shows that snakes are the number one predator on
quail eggs in most areas. Raccoons, possums, skunks and armadillos
account for the majority of the remaining losses.There has
been a question whether or not turkey are nest predators.
Researchers from the Tall Timbers Research Station in Tallahassee,
FL have placed infrared cameras and observed native quail
nests. In an area heavily populated with turkey, not a single
nest was lost due to turkey. Snake, raccoons and armadillos
were the major culprits.
 Although many believe that the most damage comes from avian
predators, research shows that far more potential quail are
lost in the nest, before having a chance to hatch. These predators
destroy eggs and chicks up to about 3 weeks of age. Studies
differ, but many suggest that the above predators account for
around 80% of quail losses. In one Texas county, research showed
100% of nests lost due to these predators. Research indicates
that snakes are responsible for a disproportionate number of
losses to eggs and chicks.
Adult bird predators
Adult bird predators consist of hawks, owls, bobcats, foxes,
house cats, etc.It is important to realize that the greatest
numbers of quail losses occur when they are young. For every
one quail, surviving to adulthood, eight were killed before
reaching 3 weeks of age.
 Hawks are the most effective
predator on adult birds. Some research shows about 35% of adult
quail losses can be attributed to hawks.
Coyotes are one of
the least effective predators on adult quail. Considering that
coyotes are at the top of the food chain in most parts of the
country, they can be beneficial in restoring the natural balance
of an Eco-system. Coyotes have always kept the numbers of small
predators such as raccoons, opossums, etc. in check by preying
on their young. The reduction of the coyote population has
caused a surge in the populations of those small predators,
increasing the danger to quail eggs and chicks.In addition,
increasing numbers of rats and mice allow for an increase in
the snake population; one of the worst predators on quail
nest and chicks.
When managing your property for quail, we suggest
leaving the coyote population alone. We also recommend that
you let trappers trap on your property during the normal trapping
season.
It is actually possible to create a problem when one builds
perfect habitat for quail. Excellent habitat for quail is also
excellent habitat for other creatures. This can create an influx
of predators in your utopian Garden of Eden for wildlife. This
is an important reason why Habitat Management used in conjunction
with Responsible Predator Management can increase your success.
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